Here's a figure from the mirrorworld, from Life-History of Our Planet by William Gunning and illustrated by Mary Gunning, 1876.

From St. Nicholas magazine, 1903.  The sign reads, "Do not annoy the animals" on one side and "Do not annoy the people" on the other.

Here's a precursor to the "hundredth monkey effect" (not to be confused with the infinite monkey theorem), from St. Nicholas magazine, 1904.

"The morning toilette lasted for some time."  From A Plunge into the Sahara by G. Demage and illustrated by P. Crampel, 1894.

Dictionary.com traces the expression "to have a monkey on one's back" to 1930s narcotics slang, but we can do ever-so-much better with this illustration from Old and New London by Walter Thornbury, 1873.

Here's a precursor to the winged monkeys in The Wizard of Oz, from an ad in the back of the novel A Woman with a History by Weedon Grossmith (1896).

From Mémoires Récréatifs, Scientifiques et Anecdotiques du Physicien-Aéronaute E.G. Robertson, 1831.

From Tales from the Veld by Ernest Glanville, 1897.

From Following the Equator by Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1897.

An illustration from A Diplomatist's Wife in Japan by Mary Crawford Fraser (1899).  The caption reads: "The rabbit and the monkey who live in the moon."

Before the discovery of continental drift, geologists elegantly explained transoceanic similarities of life by crediting giant monkeys.  Our illustration is from The Star of the Sea: A Historical Novel by N. Gregor, 1897.

An illustration from an 1894 issue of Pall Mall magazine.  The caption reads: "My library did not seem to afford him the kind of reading matter he craved."

An illustration from an 1887 issue of Cosmopolitan magazine.  The caption reads: "The Chinese must go."